Forensic Scientific Investigations

Forensic Photography

• Visual documentation of the crime scene The images are acquired with rigorous technical criteria to guarantee the faithful and objective representation of the state of the places, the traces and the position of the objects.
• Analysis of the coherence of the images with the investigative hypotheses The photographs are examined to verify the compatibility between what is represented and the reconstructions provided by witnesses, suspects or investigators.
• Three-dimensional reconstruction and image comparison The images are processed to create 3D models of the scene and compare spatial elements, useful for simulating dynamics and refuting inconsistent versions.

Fingerprint scanning

• Fingerprint collection Surveys are performed on suspicious surfaces using powders, vapors or alternative techniques to make latent fingerprints present at the scene visible.
• Analysis of fingerprints on objects and documents Fingerprints are examined for clarity, partiality or overlap, assessing the possibility of associating the fingerprint with a specific use of the object.
• Comparison of latent prints The detected prints are compared with known specimens to identify or exclude a subject.

3D and Drone Technical Surveys

• High-precision scene mapping Detailed three-dimensional surveys are carried out using laser scanners or photogrammetry to document the environment with exact metric data.
• Topographic acquisition of external and complex areas The use of drones allows to survey large external areas or inaccessible points, useful for environmental and dynamic reconstructions in open or industrial contexts.

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA)

• Study of blood traces The shape, size and distribution of blood stains are analysed to deduce the type of event (blow, movement, fall).
• Analysis of direction, distribution and morphology of blood Information is obtained on the dynamics of the facts, identifying movements and actions between the aggressor and the victim.
• Determining the position of the victim and the attacker The orientation of the tracks allows us to estimate the relative position of the subjects involved during the event.

Microcomparisons and Analysis of Physical Traces

• Examination of fibres, paints, residues The materials found are analysed under the microscope to evaluate their origin and distinctive characteristics.
• Comparison between found materials and suspicious objects The compatibility between a find and an object or vehicle attributable to a subject is established, useful for confirming contacts or impacts.

Forensic Genetics

• Interpretation of genetic reports DNA profiles are examined to verify their validity, completeness and congruence with the evidentiary context.
• Chain of Custody Assessment The collection, transportation and storage phases of the biological sample are checked to identify possible contamination or procedural defects.
• Technical-scientific challenge to DNA Methodological errors or statistical limitations in genetic expertise are analyzed to build a defense line.

Forensic Toxicology

• Review of toxicology reports The results of detected substances are evaluated to verify their correctness and reliability.
• Analysis of the dynamics of intoxication The timing, methods and effects of intake are studied to understand the real impact on the subject's behavior.
• Evaluation of the reliability of the methods used The adequacy of the analytical techniques employed is verified in relation to forensic standards.

Forensic Ballistics

• Weapon and projectile analysis The type, caliber and condition of the weapons used are identified, as well as their compatibility with the cartridge cases or bullets found.
• Trajectory reconstruction Ballistic paths are traced within the scene to clarify shooting directions and subject positions.
• Weapon-Projectile Compatibility and Ballistic Anomalies Check whether a projectile was fired from a specific weapon and analyze any malfunctions or modifications.

Forensic Audio

• Checking the integrity of your recordings We examine your audio files for cuts, gaps or tampering.
• Improving intelligibility Digital filtering and processing are applied to clarify verbal content.
• Speaker identification and comparison The voice present in the recording is compared with known samples to attribute or exclude vocal paternity.
• Temporal coherence analysis Checks whether the audio time sequence matches the assumed or stated dynamics.

Forensic Image and Video Analysis

• Authentication and image enhancement The originality of the files is established and their clarity and readability are improved.
• Tampering check Any digital manipulations (e.g. cuts, overlaps, alterations) are identified.
• Metadata Analysis Internal information within files is analyzed to determine their origin, timestamps, devices used, and integrity.

Chemical and Biological Investigations

• Analysis of suspicious substances Chemical traces found on objects or surfaces are examined to identify their nature (e.g. acids, explosives, solvents).
• Study of organic and inorganic residues The analysis extends to unidentified biological materials (fluff, food residues, pollen) and non-organic elements (dust, oxides), to trace contacts, environments or modalities of the event.

Digital Investigations and Computer Forensics

• Data recovery from digital devices Data is extracted from smartphones, computers or digital devices, even if deleted or encrypted, with certified forensic techniques.
• Online activity and access analysis Browsing histories, accesses, app usage and digital interactions are reconstructed to identify relevant behaviors.
• Digital Manipulation Verification Checks for alterations, falsification or deletions of digital files, useful for assessing the authenticity of evidence.

Crime Scene Reconstruction

• 3D modeling of the environment The scene is digitally reproduced to examine distances, angles, visibility and possible movements.
• Verification of compatibility between statements and evidence The testimonial versions are compared with the physical evidence present at the scene, identifying inconsistencies or compatibilities.
• Simulation of the phases of the crime Using specific software, the sequence of events (times, trajectories, interactions) is reconstructed to support or contest a narrative reconstruction.

Criminal Profiling

• Building an Unknown Subject Profile Psychological, behavioral, and social traits of an unknown perpetrator are defined based on the scene and the actions performed.
• Analysis of the modus operandi and criminal signature The modalities of the crime are examined to distinguish between operational needs and recurring symbolic or ritual behaviors.
• Study of behavioral patterns The analysis focuses on any serial or recurring crimes, to identify common elements and outline investigative schemes.

Critical Evaluation of Expert Reports

• Review of technical consultancy reports by the party or by the court The contents of an expert report already filed are analysed to identify gaps, methodological errors or lack of scientific basis.
• Drafting of counter-expert reports A counter-technical report is formulated, based on rigorous methodologies, useful for the defense or for a different interpretation of the scientific data.

Chain of Custody Study

• Verification of correct sample storage It is verified whether the specimen has been correctly collected, identified, sealed and stored until analysis.
• Identification of weaknesses or procedural irregularities Any violations of the chain of custody are detected, which may undermine the evidentiary value of the scientific element.

Testing for Evidence-Hypothesis Consistency

• Integrated analysis between scientific data and judicial narrative The compatibility between the body of material evidence and the reconstruction of the prosecution or defense is assessed.
• Detection of inconsistencies or omissions The analysis aims to discover undetected discrepancies between the technical data and the conclusions of the investigative or procedural act.

Technical Support to the Defense or Civil Party

• Expert advice in court The consultant provides technical support in court, explaining the results clearly and defensible before the judge.
• Preparation of technical briefs for judges and lawyers Technical reports are drawn up that are formally suitable for trial production, useful for arguing in the preliminary, trial or precautionary phases.